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Africans attached to the court of King James IV of Scotland (musicians and performers).

Flemish weavers encouraged to settle.

Jewish peddlers and hawkers.

Irish agricultural workers.

Act of Union
English civil servants arrive after union of parliaments.

English soldiers (regiments based at Edinburgh Castle).

Dutch merchants.

African servants.

Highland migration to Lowlands after failed Jacobite rebellion.

Start of Highland Clearances and further Highland migration.

French weavers, craftsmen, musicians, teachers and shopkeepers.

African Caribbean Slaves or freed servants of Scottish Planters.

Indian servants and seamen, some stranded at ports. Indian students.

Italian musicians, actors, craftsmen and shopkeepers.

Germans, Austrians.

Increased Irish migration, worked in agriculture, railways, building trade.

Increased Highland migration to industrialised lowlands.

Increased Jewish migration (Lithuania, Poland and Russia, employed mainly in small-scale workshop trades e.g. tailoring, dressmaking, furniture-making).

Stranded African seamen.

Continued Irish migration.

Increased Italian migration, street vendors, shopkeepers.

Lithuanian migrants (Christian).

Jewish migration increased.

Basque refugees from fascism.

Polish servicemen and refugees, Jewish and other European refugees.

Hong Kong Chinese agricultural workers.

Vietnamese fleeing war.

English disaffected city dwellers.

Palestinian refugees.

Skills shortage
Indian, Pakistani, Bangladeshi, Caribbean, East African Asian, Nigerian migrants

Indian, Pakistani, and Bangladeshi internal migration in Scotland, widening of professions to include medicine, teaching, retailing.

Ugandan Asian refugees - businesspeople and traders.

Chilean academics and trade unionists fleeing Pinochet regime.

Increased English migration.

Vietnamese refugees.

Hong Kong Chinese leaving before the return of Hong Kong to China.

Refugees
Bosnian, Iranian, Kurdish, Pakistani, Kosovan, Iraqi, Algerian, Sudanese.

Refugees
Afghan, Somalian

Migration from A8/A2 accession states since 2007.